' The true patience, associated always with the authentic hope, it characterizes the attitude of that know that, to carry through the impossible one, she is necessary to become it possible. the best form to become possible the impossible one is carrying through possible hoje.' ' (Pablo Freire) ESTENOSE TRAQUEAL the interest in carrying through a bibliographical survey on the considered subject is alicerado in the intention to detect and to prevent decurrent iatrogenias of the endotraqueal intubao, considering to be this a procedure frequent carried through in Units of Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Also the deficit in the quality of life of the patient was considered, when victim of this iatrogenia. 1.ANATOMIA AND PHYSIOLOGY OF the SUPERIOR AERIAL WAYS (VAIN) the superior aerial ways are responsible for the air transport of the environment until the pulmes and vice versa, as well as have for functions to filter, to preheat and to humidify inspired air. They are formed by: nasal socket, faringe, larynx, trachea and bronchis (Kawamoto, 2003). Of these structures, with bigger care, we will detail to follow the trachea, place where estenose occurs traqueal. In the description of trachea (Gartner and Hiatt, 1990), we consider it to be constituted, in structural terms, for three layers called mucous, submucosa and adventitious.
The mucosa is constituted by the respiratory epitlio, proper blade and elastic blade. The respiratory epitlio or of covering, of the pseudo-estratificado type to colunar ciliado, is constituted by six cellular types: cells colunares ciliadas, caliciformes cells, waxy cells, basal cells in brush, cells and cells to granulate. For Hoss, Reith and Romrell (1993), the ciliadas cells colunares are distributed by all the ways of conduction of the respiratory treatment and that they put into motion muco for ciliar action. The mucous secretion production is function of the caliciformes cells; such secretion if adds to the glands located in submucosa layer.